GCSE Biology (AQA)

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Brain Structure

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Homeostasis and Response The Human Nervous System

Brain Structure

1:47 The Brain
Spec 4.5.2.2
Previous Reaction Times Data Next Studying the Brain
  • The brain consists of billions of interconnected neurons.
  • These neurons coordinate all human activities.
  • The brain contains various structures, not easily visible to the naked eye.
  • The cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the brain, depicted in yellow in diagrams.
  • The cerebral cortex has a wrinkly appearance and constitutes over two-thirds of the brain's weight.
  • It is responsible for higher brain functions like reasoning, conscious thought, actions, and emotions.
  • The cerebellum, shown in orange, is located at the bottom of the brain and functions separately from the cerebral cortex.
  • The cerebellum manages balance and muscle coordination.
  • The medulla, part of the brainstem shown in purple and green, controls unconscious activities such as breathing and heart rate.

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