GCSE Chemistry (AQA)

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Changes in State

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Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances

Changes in State

4:31 Changes of State
Spec 4.2.2.1
Previous Limitations of the Particle Model Next State Symbols
  • Substances change state when heated or cooled.
  • Heating ice turns it from solid to liquid (melting).
  • Cooling water turns it from liquid to solid (freezing).
  • Melting involves adding energy to change particle arrangement.
  • Freezing involves removing energy to change particle arrangement.
  • Melting point is the temperature where solid becomes liquid.
  • Water's melting/freezing point is 0 degrees Celsius.
  • Boiling involves heating liquid to become gas.
  • Condensing involves cooling gas to become liquid.
  • Boiling point is the temperature where liquid becomes gas.
  • Water's boiling point is 100 degrees Celsius.
  • Predicting states of substances involves knowing melting and boiling points.
  • Gold's melting point is 1064 degrees Celsius; boiling point is 3080 degrees Celsius.
  • Below melting point, gold is solid; above boiling point, gold is gas; in between, gold is liquid.

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