GCSE Chemistry (AQA)

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Composites

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Using resources Using materials

Composites

4:18 Composition and Use of Different Materials
Spec 4.10.3.3
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  • Two or more materials can be combined to produce a material with improved properties, known as composites.
  • Reinforced concrete is a common example of a composite, using concrete to coat a steel mesh.
  • Composites are typically composed of fibers or fragments (reinforcement) surrounded by a matrix or binder.
  • The materials in composites act together while remaining separate, not fully merged or dissolved.
  • In reinforced concrete, concrete acts as the matrix, and the steel mesh is the reinforcement.
  • Composites are strong and combine the properties of the matrix and reinforcement.
  • Concrete is strong and resistant to weather and fire but brittle; steel is strong and resistant to being pulled apart but prone to rust and heat damage.
  • Combining concrete and steel in reinforced concrete enhances overall strength and durability.
  • Modern tennis rackets use carbon fiber reinforced polymer, with plastic as the matrix and carbon as the reinforcement.
  • Fiberglass, used for boats and helmets, consists of a plastic polymer resin matrix reinforced with glass fibers.
  • Chipboard, used in construction, is made from wood chips held together by resin glue, offering a cost-effective and strong material.
  • Laminated paper, used for ID badges, involves low-density polyethylene wrapped around paper for protection and durability.
  • Familiarity with terms like matrix, binder, and reinforcement is important for exams.
  • Examples of composites include fiberglass, chipboard, and laminated paper.

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