GCSE Chemistry (AQA)

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Metals vs Non Metals

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Atomic structure and the periodic table The periodic table

Metals vs Non Metals

4:22 Properties of Metals and Non-metals
Spec 4.1.2.3
Previous Development of the Periodic Table Next Ions
  • Majority of elements are metals.
  • Metals are located to the left and towards the bottom of the periodic table.
  • Metals are shown in yellow on the periodic table, left of the stair step line.
  • Around three-quarters of all elements are metals.
  • Non-metals are found on the right of the periodic table, shown in blue.
  • Non-metals exist at the top right above the stair step dividing line.
  • Typical solid metals are good conductors of electricity and heat, have high melting points, are shiny, malleable, ductile, and have high density.
  • Copper is used for wires due to its conductivity and ductility.
  • Gold is used for rings because it is shiny.
  • Aluminum sheets are used in engineering for their malleability.
  • Typical solid non-metals are poor conductors of electricity and heat, have low melting points, are dull, brittle, and have low density.
  • Sulfur, phosphorus, and iodine are examples of non-metals with these properties.
  • Metals and non-metals have contrasting properties; metals are shiny and conductive, non-metals are dull and non-conductive.
  • Chemically, metals have fewer electrons in their outer shell and tend to lose them easily.
  • Sodium is an example of a metal with one electron in its outer shell, forming a sodium plus ion when it loses it.
  • Non-metals have more electrons in their outer shell and tend to share or gain electrons.
  • Chlorine is an example of a non-metal with seven electrons in its outer shell, forming a CL minus ion when it gains an additional electron.

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