GCSE Chemistry (AQA)

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Paper Chromatography

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Chemical analysis Purity, formulations and chromatography

Paper Chromatography

4:10 Separating Mixtures by Chromatography
Spec 4.8.1.3
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  • Chromatography is a technique to separate mixtures.
  • It uses chromatography paper in a lab setting.
  • A pencil line is drawn 2 cm from the bottom of the paper.
  • A dot of the mixture is placed on the pencil line.
  • The paper is placed in a beaker with a solvent, avoiding submerging the pencil line.
  • The solvent moves through the paper, carrying substances with it.
  • This process is known as paper chromatography.
  • Other types of chromatography include gas chromatography.
  • For exams, focus on paper chromatography and its process.
  • Chromatography produces a chromatogram.
  • Chromatograms show the separation of mixtures into different spots.
  • The number of spots indicates the number of soluble substances.
  • Pure substances result in one spot; impure substances result in multiple spots.
  • Chromatograms can distinguish between pure and impure substances.
  • Chromatograms can identify substances by comparing them with known substances.
  • Substances are likely the same if they travel the same distance and have a similar color.
  • Example: A brown dye separated into red, yellow, and blue dyes, indicating it was a mixture.
  • For exams, interpret and analyze chromatograms.

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