GCSE Combined Science (AQA)
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Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter
How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
Changes in State
4:31
Changes of State
Spec
4.2.2.1
- Substances change state when heated or cooled.
- Heating ice turns it from solid to liquid (melting).
- Cooling water turns it from liquid to solid (freezing).
- Melting involves adding energy to change particle arrangement.
- Freezing involves removing energy to change particle arrangement.
- Melting point is the temperature where solid becomes liquid.
- Water's melting/freezing point is 0 degrees Celsius.
- Boiling involves heating liquid to become gas.
- Condensing involves cooling gas to become liquid.
- Boiling point is the temperature where liquid becomes gas.
- Water's boiling point is 100 degrees Celsius.
- Predicting states of substances involves knowing melting and boiling points.
- Gold's melting point is 1064 degrees Celsius; boiling point is 3080 degrees Celsius.
- Below melting point, gold is solid; above boiling point, gold is gas; in between, gold is liquid.
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