GCSE Combined Science (AQA)
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Electricity
Domestic uses and safety
Electrical Safety
1:44
Mains Electricity
Spec
4.2.3.2
- Three wires in a cable have different potentials: live wire, neutral wire, and earth wire.
- Live wire is at 230 volts to supply energy to appliances.
- Neutral wire is approximately zero volts to allow current to complete the circuit.
- Earth wire is at zero volts to direct current in case of a fault.
- Neutral wire is slightly above zero volts to prioritize the earth wire during a fault.
- Live wire is the most dangerous due to its large potential difference, even if the appliance is off.
- Touching a live wire can cause current to flow through a person into the earth.
- Main socket switches are important to cut off the live supply when not in use.
- Plugs can still be dangerous if current flows through them.
- Safety features in plugs include a fuse connected to the live wire.
- The fuse breaks the circuit if the current is too large, melting or breaking when dangerous.
- Detailed knowledge of fuses and plugs is not required for exams.
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