GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Group 1: Reaction with Oxygen

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Atomic structure and the periodic table The periodic table

Group 1: Reaction with Oxygen

4:57 Reactions of Group 1 elements
Spec 4.1.2.5 4.1.2.1
Previous Group 1: Reaction with Water Next Group 1: Reaction with Chlorine
  • Alkali metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides.
  • The reaction is represented as metal + oxygen ��� metal oxide.
  • A gray block of alkali metal reacts with air oxygen, forming a white metal oxide coating.
  • Reactivity with oxygen increases down the group of alkali metals.
  • Lithium is the least reactive, while francium is the most reactive with oxygen.
  • Alkali metals react with oxygen at room temperature, but only the surface reacts.
  • Cutting into alkali metals shows a shiny interior, indicating only the surface reacts.
  • Metals are stored in oil to prevent tarnishing by stopping oxygen exposure.
  • When heated in oxygen, alkali metals burn with distinctive colors.
  • Lithium burns with a red flame, sodium with a yellow flame, and potassium with a lilac flame.
  • Lithium reaction: lithium + oxygen ��� lithium oxide; balanced equation: 4Li + O2 ��� 2Li2O.
  • Sodium reaction: sodium + oxygen ��� sodium oxide; balanced equation: 4Na + O2 ��� 2Na2O.
  • Potassium reaction: potassium + oxygen ��� potassium oxide; balanced equation: 4K + O2 ��� 2K2O.

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