GCSE Combined Science (AQA)
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Particle model of matter
Internal energy and energy transfers
Heating & Temperature
2:26
Heating to Change Temperature
Spec
4.3.2.1
- Heat supplied to a system increases the kinetic energy of particles.
- Particles can be modeled as moving and vibrating balls of matter.
- Kinetic energy gives particles motion.
- Heat is supplied through heat flow, resistance, and work done.
- Increased heat flow raises the kinetic energy of the system.
- Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.
- Higher temperature indicates more kinetic energy in particles.
- States of matter with higher kinetic energies have higher temperatures.
- Solids have low kinetic energy; molecules vibrate around fixed positions.
- Liquids have medium kinetic energy; molecules can move and flow.
- Gases have high kinetic energy; molecules move fast and randomly.
- Increasing kinetic energy leads to changes of state: solid to liquid (melting point), liquid to gas (boiling point).
- Understanding the relationship between temperature and energy is important for exams.
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