GCSE Combined Science (AQA)

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Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes

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Homeostasis and Response Hormonal Coordination in Humans

Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetes

2:17 Control of Blood Glucose Concentration
Spec 4.5.3.2
Previous Increasing Blood Glucose Levels Next Treating Diabetes
  • Diabetes is a disorder where the body cannot control its blood glucose concentration.
  • A graph illustrates blood glucose levels, with the green line representing optimal levels and the red dashed line showing levels in a diabetic person.
  • Blood glucose levels in diabetics are consistently higher and peak significantly after meals (breakfast, lunch, dinner).
  • High glucose levels can damage blood vessels and other tissues.
  • There are two main types of diabetes: type one and type two.
  • Type one diabetes involves the pancreas failing to produce sufficient insulin, leading to uncontrolled high glucose levels.
  • Type two diabetes occurs when body cells no longer respond to insulin produced by the pancreas, despite its continued production.
  • Type one diabetes typically develops in childhood, while type two usually appears in late adulthood.
  • Main risk factors for type one diabetes are genetic, whereas for type two diabetes, they are lifestyle-related.
  • Both genetics and lifestyle factors can influence both types of diabetes.

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