GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Alternator

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Magnetism and electromagnetism Induced potential, transformers and the National Grid

Alternator

9:32 Applying the Generator Effect
Spec 4.7.3.2
Previous Calculating the Force on a Wire Next Potential Difference from an Alternator
  • An alternator is an electrical generator that produces alternating current.
  • It consists of two opposing magnetic poles creating a magnetic field.
  • A rectangular conducting coil is used, with sides parallel and perpendicular to the field.
  • Unlike an electric motor, the coil in an alternator is rotated by an external force.
  • The rotation induces an electric current, converting kinetic energy to electrical energy.
  • Alternators are connected to circuits for the induced current to travel.
  • Slip ring connectors allow the coil to spin without breaking the circuit connection.
  • Slip ring communicators connect each end of the coil to a circuit end.
  • The coil's rotation induces a potential difference due to the generator effect.
  • The coil's sides perpendicular to the field lines induce potential differences.
  • The direction of potential difference changes with each half rotation of the coil.
  • The slip ring connector causes the current direction in the circuit to change.
  • Alternators induce alternating current, which periodically changes direction.
  • Alternators are used in energy resources to generate electricity for the national grid.
  • Examples include wind farms, water wheels, dams, tidal energy plants, fossil fuel, and geothermal plants.
  • These resources use kinetic energy to spin turbines connected to alternators.

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