GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Energy Transferred by Charge

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Electricity Energy transfers

Energy Transferred by Charge

4:10 Electrical Energy and Power
Spec 4.1.1.1 4.2.4.1 4.2.4.2
Previous Electrical Power in Terms of Resistance Next Energy Transfers in Appliances
  • Charge carriers in circuits transfer energy from a power source to electrical components.
  • A cell supplies energy by doing work on charge carriers to give them kinetic energy.
  • Energy is carried around the circuit through the kinetic energy of electrons.
  • Work is done on components as charge carriers transfer energy to them.
  • The process transfers chemical energy from the cell to the components.
  • Energy used by an electrical appliance depends on its power and duration of use.
  • Energy transferred equation: E = P x T (Energy = Power x Time).
  • Energy is measured in joules, power in watts, and time in seconds.
  • Longer use and higher power of an appliance result in more energy transfer.
  • Higher power rating of a device means more energy transfer.
  • Efficiency of appliances is important; switch off when not in use to save energy and money.
  • Energy transferred can be calculated using charge and potential difference.
  • Equation: E = V x Q (Energy = Potential Difference x Charge).
  • Example calculation: Speaker uses 8 megajoules of energy at 230 volts.
  • Calculate charge: Charge = Energy transferred / Potential difference.
  • Example result: 35,000 coulombs of charge flow through the speaker during the concert.

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