Machine learning (learning-based AI)

Machine learning is a branch of AI where programs learn from data and automatically adapt their rules or models over time.
Machine learning patterns work without being explicitly programmed for every scenario.
Generally the machine improves as it is given more data, though it can be supervised (trained with labelled data) or unsupervised (finds patterns without labels).
Machine learning is typically used in:
- Email spam filters
- Facial recognition
- Product recommendations (e.g. Netflix, Amazon)

	Expert systems	Machine learning
Based on...	Human-defined rules	Data and pattern recognition
Can it adapt?	No (fixed rules)	Yes (learns from data)
Needs a knowledge base?	Yes	No (learns patterns instead)
Example use case	Diagnosing illnesses	Recognising faces in images

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