Case study – energy supply projects

Shale gas extraction (fracking), USA
Key Details	Fracking involves injecting water, sand, and chemicals into shale rock to release natural gas Fracking occurs in more than 30 states in the USA
Benefits	Increases domestic energy supply, reducing reliance on imports and creating jobs to boost the economy Natural gas is cleaner than coal and oil
Costs	Risk of groundwater contamination from chemicals Causes minor earthquakes High water usage and environmental damage Releases methane which is a highly toxic and potent greenhouse gas Poorly regulated in the USA making it hard to monitor pollution and violation of safety rules Banned in other countries like the UK due to its environmental impact

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