GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Dark Matter & Dark Energy

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Space physics Red-shift

Dark Matter & Dark Energy

6:23 The Origin of the Universe
Spec 4.8.2
Previous Evidence for the Big Bang Theory
  • The Big Bang theory suggests the universe began as a small dense region and expanded outward.
  • The explosion from the Big Bang gave all matter momentum, forming galaxies.
  • The universe's expansion was expected to slow due to gravitational forces.
  • Gravity, a non-contact force, pulls objects with large masses together.
  • Gravitational forces between galaxies should slow their speed, potentially leading to a "big crunch."
  • Observations of distant supernovae suggest galaxies are accelerating, not slowing down.
  • Galaxies are gaining energy from an unknown source, termed "dark energy."
  • Dark energy is believed to be undetectable but observable through its effects.
  • Galaxies rotate too quickly for their known masses, suggesting additional mass, termed "dark matter."
  • Dark matter is theorized to exist based on its effects, though it is not directly observable.
  • Dark matter and dark energy are believed to make up most of the universe.
  • Normal matter constitutes only 5% of the universe, dark matter 27%, and dark energy 68%.
  • There is much about the universe that remains unknown.
  • GCSE exams require understanding the existence and implications of dark matter and dark energy.

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