GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Density of States of Matter

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Particle model of matter Changes of state and the particle model

Density of States of Matter

2:07 Density and States of Matter
Spec 4.3.1.1
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  • Changing the state of a substance affects its density.
  • Density is calculated by dividing the mass of an object by its volume.
  • Substances exist in three states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases.
  • Solids have molecules arranged in a regular, rigid structure.
  • Liquids have molecules in contact but free to move and flow around each other.
  • Gases have molecules that spread out and move randomly.
  • As a substance changes from solid to liquid to gas, its density decreases.
  • Solids and liquids have high densities due to tightly packed molecules.
  • In solids and liquids, there is little space between molecules, resulting in a large mass in a given volume.
  • Solids and liquids have similar densities, but liquids are generally slightly less dense.
  • An exception is ice, which is less dense than water.
  • Gases have low densities because their molecules are spread out over a large volume.
  • In gases, there is much more empty space between molecules, resulting in a small mass in a given volume.

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