GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Forces in Transport

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Forces Forces and motion

Forces in Transport

3:00 Newton's Three Laws
Spec 4.5.6.1.5 4.5.6.2.2
Previous Inertial Mass Next Parachuting
  • Different road vehicles have different masses, accelerations, and legal top speeds.
  • Comparison between a typical four-seater family car and a large lorry.
  • Legal top speeds on a British motorway: car ~27 m/s (70 mph), lorry ~22 m/s (60 mph).
  • Lorry has a harder time reaching higher speeds due to lower acceleration.
  • Car acceleration: ~3 m/s��; Lorry acceleration: ~0.4 m/s��.
  • Lorry maintains a smaller speed for safety reasons.
  • Mass difference: Car ~1,600 kg; Lorry ~36,000 kg.
  • Estimation of forces needed to accelerate vehicles to top speed using Newton's second law (Force = Mass x Acceleration).
  • Force for car: ~4,800 Newtons (1,600 kg x 3 m/s��).
  • Force for lorry: ~14,400 Newtons (36,000 kg x 0.4 m/s��).
  • Lorry requires a more powerful engine due to its mass.
  • Ability to estimate sensible values for vehicle speeds, forces, and calculate them from estimated masses and accelerations is important.

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