GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Heating & Temperature

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Particle model of matter Internal energy and energy transfers

Heating & Temperature

2:26 Heating to Change Temperature
Spec 4.3.2.1
Previous Internal Energy Next Specific Heat Capacity
  • Heat supplied to a system increases the kinetic energy of particles.
  • Particles can be modeled as moving and vibrating balls of matter.
  • Kinetic energy gives particles motion.
  • Heat is supplied through heat flow, resistance, and work done.
  • Increased heat flow raises the kinetic energy of the system.
  • Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.
  • Higher temperature indicates more kinetic energy in particles.
  • States of matter with higher kinetic energies have higher temperatures.
  • Solids have low kinetic energy; molecules vibrate around fixed positions.
  • Liquids have medium kinetic energy; molecules can move and flow.
  • Gases have high kinetic energy; molecules move fast and randomly.
  • Increasing kinetic energy leads to changes of state: solid to liquid (melting point), liquid to gas (boiling point).
  • Understanding the relationship between temperature and energy is important for exams.

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