GCSE Physics (AQA)

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Hydraulics

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Forces Pressure and pressure differences in fluids

Hydraulics

2:47 Fluids and Hydraulics
Spec 4.5.5.1.1
Previous Calculating Pressure Next Hydraulic Calculations
  • Hydraulic machines operate by transferring pressure through an incompressible liquid.
  • Examples include hydraulic lifts, where an input force on a pedal raises a platform.
  • Common liquids used in hydraulic systems are water or oil due to their incompressible nature.
  • The pressure applied on the pedal is transferred to the platform, lifting it by spreading the force over an area.
  • Liquids are hard to compress because their particles are closely packed yet free to move around, making them maintain volume under pressure.
  • Compressing a liquid transfers the applied pressure equally to other surfaces of the container.
  • This principle allows a small input force on a small area to generate a larger force on a larger area.
  • Hydraulic technology is also used in brake systems of vehicles, where pressure from a pedal is transmitted through brake fluid to apply brakes.
  • The pressure from the pedal extends through the fluid to the braking system, creating friction that slows or stops the vehicle.
  • Understanding the mechanics of hydraulics is useful for explaining machine operations in various applications, including exams.

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