Topic Summaries
The National Grid
Energy and power
Renewable energy and efficiency
Charge, current, and electric fields
Potential difference and resistors
Electricity
Volume and gases
States of matter and heat capacity
Radiation
Nuclear fusion and fission
Forces
Velocity and acceleration
Gravity and Newton's Laws
Moments and elastic potential
Stopping, braking, and momentum
Properties of waves
Electromagnetic waves
Refraction and lenses
Light, colour, and ray diagrams
Absorbing and emitting infrared radiation
Magnetic fields
Motor effect, generator effect, and transformers
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
Energy and power
Renewable energy and efficiency
Charge, current, and electric fields
Potential difference and resistors
Electricity
Volume and gases
States of matter and heat capacity
Radiation
Nuclear fusion and fission
Forces
Velocity and acceleration
Gravity and Newton's Laws
Moments and elastic potential
Stopping, braking, and momentum
Properties of waves
Electromagnetic waves
Refraction and lenses
Light, colour, and ray diagrams
Absorbing and emitting infrared radiation
Magnetic fields
Motor effect, generator effect, and transformers
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
- The National Grid transfers electricity from power stations to consumers safely and efficiently.
- Electricity is produced by generators in power stations at a high current.
- Step-up transformers will raise the potential difference and lower the current.
- This is transferred through long, overhead transmission cables. The low current means little energy is lost to heating in the cables.
- A step-down transformer reduces the potential difference so it is suitable for domestic use.
- The transformers change potential difference using the equation: \[\text{primary potential difference}\times\text{primary current}=\text{secondary potential difference}\times\text{secondary current}\]
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