The endocrine system

The endocrine system: is made up of glands and hormones which all have specific roles in the body. These hormones regulate bodily functions and create a chemical communication system via the bloodstream. It’s slower than the nervous system, but its effects are more widespread.
Glands: an organ that releases specific hormones for use in the body. Hormones are chemical messengers that are released by glands into the bloodstream. The glands you need to know are:
- Pituitary gland: the ‘master gland’ that secrets a multitude of hormones that all have different functions in the body. These hormones control the functions of other glands. For example, the pituitary gland release the hormones FSH and LH which allow for the release of testosterone from the testes to the body. These hormones encourage the development of sperm and male sex characteristics. The anterior pituitary gland releases FSH and LH which encourage the ovaries to release progesterone and oestrogen to regulate the menstrual cycle and prepare the female body for reproduction.
- The adrenal gland: releases adrenaline which triggers the fight or flight response which causes physiological changes to our bodies (e.g.wider pupils, an inactive gut, and increased blood flow to the brain).

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