GCSE Computer Science (AQA)

Topic Summaries

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Networks

Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks

  • Each device (peer) is equal with no central server. Peers connect directly to share files or stream content. Examples of P2P networks include:
    • AirDrop between iPhones 
    • Streaming music to a Bluetooth speaker
    • Wireless printing
    • Sharing internet via personal hotspot
Advantages of P2P Disadvantages of P2P
  • Simple to set up
  • No costly hardware 
  • No single point of failure
  • No central management of updates
  • No central backup/security
  • Devices may be unavailable (switched off/disconnected)

Features Client–server P2P
Centralised server Yes No
Cost More expensive Cheaper
Setup complexity More complex Easier
Data backup Centralised Not centralised
File versions Shared version Multiple versions
Risk if 1 device fails Server down = all fail Still works

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