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COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Encoding and compression

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Network topologies

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Wired and wireless networks, protocols, and layers

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Threats to computer systems and networks

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Operating systems and utility software

COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Impact of technology on society

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING: Types of data

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING: Producing robust programs

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING: Designing, creating, and refining algorithms

ALGORITHMS AND PROGRAMMING: Programming languages

  • Optical storage (like CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs) uses a laser to read data stored as tiny pits and lands on a disc’s surface.
  • Laser light reflects off lands (read as 1) and scatters off pits (read as 0). These patterns represent binary data. 
  • Blu-ray uses a blue laser to read smaller pits, allowing more data to be stored.
  • This method allows data to be read quickly, but discs are easily scratched and have lower capacity compared to modern storage types.

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