GCSE > Geography > AQA > GCSE Geography Topic Summaries > Climate change > Managing climate change
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Energy supply

Mitigation (reducing the causes of climate change) Adaptation (responding to the effects of climate change)
  • Alternative energy production: using renewable energy sources (e.g. solar, wind, hydroelectric) reduces CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions. 
  • Carbon capture and storage (CCS): captures up to 90% of CO2 from emission sources (e.g. power plants). CO2 is safely stored underground beneath impermeable rock. 
  • Planting trees: trees absorb CO2 during photosynthesis, helping to reduce CO2 levels. Forests can absorb up to 28% of global CO2 emissions.
  • International agreements: countries work together to reduce emissions. For example, the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement, signed by 195 countries, aims to limit global warming to 1.5°C.
  • Changes in agricultural systems: farmers adapt to changing rainfall patterns, temperatures, and pests/ diseases. Strategies include irrigation systems and growing drought-resistant crops.
  • Managing water supply: installing water-efficient devices to reduce water usage, and increasing water supply through desalination plants and improved irrigation systems.
  • Reducing risks from rising sea levels: building flood defences, such as the Thames Flood Barrier. Raising buildings on stilts or higher ground also helps avoid flooding.

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