Components required for internet connection

Component	Purpose
Modem	Modulates/demodulates signals between digital (your device) and analogue (telephone lines or fibre) Connects local network to the internet service provider (ISP)
Router	Directs data between your network and the wider internet Assigns local IP addresses
Switch	Connects multiple devices in a local area network (LAN) Uses MAC addresses to forward data only to the intended device, reducing unnecessary traffic and managing data flow
WAP (Wireless Access Point)	Provides Wi-Fi access to wireless devices Connects to a wired network

These devices work together: modem connects to ISP → router handles traffic → switch shares connection locally → WAP enables wireless access.

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