Topic Summaries
Conservation and dissipation of energy
Energy and power
Renewable energy and efficiency
Charge, current, and electric fields
Potential difference and resistors
Electricity
Volume and gases
States of matter and heat capacity
Radiation
Nuclear fusion and fission
Forces
Velocity and acceleration
Gravity and Newton's Laws
Moments and elastic potential
Stopping, braking, and momentum
Properties of waves
Electromagnetic waves
Refraction and lenses
Light, colour, and ray diagrams
Absorbing and emitting infrared radiation
Magnetic fields
Motor effect, generator effect, and transformers
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
Energy and power
Renewable energy and efficiency
Charge, current, and electric fields
Potential difference and resistors
Electricity
Volume and gases
States of matter and heat capacity
Radiation
Nuclear fusion and fission
Forces
Velocity and acceleration
Gravity and Newton's Laws
Moments and elastic potential
Stopping, braking, and momentum
Properties of waves
Electromagnetic waves
Refraction and lenses
Light, colour, and ray diagrams
Absorbing and emitting infrared radiation
Magnetic fields
Motor effect, generator effect, and transformers
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
- The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
- Energy can be transferred from one form to multiple others in a system. Dissipated or wasted energy is the energy that has transferred into a form that isn’t useful.
- Heat losses can often be reduced using thermal insulation.
- Thermal conductivity is the rate at which heat is transferred through a material.
- Insulators have very low thermal conductivities.
- Ways of reducing energy losses are present in many parts of everyday life.
- Buildings use thick, insulating walls and double glazed windows to keep heat inside.
- Cars are streamlined to reduce heat lost to air resistance.
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