Topic Summaries

Updates to classification

IGCSE > Biology > Pearson IGCSE > IGCSE Biology Topic Summaries > Species and classification > Updates to classification
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Stem cells, microscopy, and microorganisms

Pathogens and non-specific immunity

Plant disease and monoclonal antibodies

Resource cycles and environmental change

Science skills: Measuring results

  • New models of classification have been proposed due to:
    • Developing evidence of internal structures due to improvements in microscopes.
    • Increased understanding of biochemical processes.
    • Development of techniques such as genome mapping.
  • Due to evidence available from chemical analysis, there is now a ‘three-domain system’ developed by Carl Woese. In this system, organisms are divided into:
    • Archaea (primitive bacteria usually living in extreme environments).
    • Bacteria (true bacteria).
    • Eukaryota (including animals, plants, protists, and fungi).

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