Topic Summaries
Genetic engineering
Transport Systems
Blood and heart disease
Stem cells, microscopy, and microorganisms
Transport in cells
Human health and enzymes
Plant transport systems
Pathogens and non-specific immunity
The immune system and drugs
Plant disease and monoclonal antibodies
Photosynthesis and respiration
The nervous system and homeostasis
The brain and the eye
Hormone regulation and waste excretion
Reproductive hormones and plant hormones
Cell division, reproduction, and DNA structure
DNA synthesis and inheritance
Genetic engineering and modification
Evolution and natural selection
Species and classification
Resource cycles and environmental change
Biodiversity and environmental management
Biomass and trophic levels
Food supply and biotechnology
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
Transport Systems
Blood and heart disease
Stem cells, microscopy, and microorganisms
Transport in cells
Human health and enzymes
Plant transport systems
Pathogens and non-specific immunity
The immune system and drugs
Plant disease and monoclonal antibodies
Photosynthesis and respiration
The nervous system and homeostasis
The brain and the eye
Hormone regulation and waste excretion
Reproductive hormones and plant hormones
Cell division, reproduction, and DNA structure
DNA synthesis and inheritance
Genetic engineering and modification
Evolution and natural selection
Species and classification
Resource cycles and environmental change
Biodiversity and environmental management
Biomass and trophic levels
Food supply and biotechnology
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
- Genetic engineering is the process of modifying the genome of an organism by introducing a gene from another organism to give a desired characteristic.
- Enzymes are used to isolate the required gene by cutting it from the DNA.
- The gene is inserted into a vector (a bacterial plasmid or virus). If the vector is a bacterial plasmid, the same enzyme is used to cut open the plasmid and a second is used to seal it.
- The vector is used to insert the gene into the required cells.
- Genes are transferred to the cells of animals, plants or bacteria at an early stage in their development (e.g. embryo in animals) so they develop with the desired characteristics; all cells produced via mitosis will then contain the same gene.
- Some people disagree with genetic engineering for religious or moral reasons.
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