Topic Summaries

Finance, technology, and flows

A-Level > Sociology > AQA > A Level Sociology Topic Summaries > Global development > Finance, technology, and flows
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Factor Role in development Benefits Risks
Debt
  • External borrowing for investment
  • Funds infrastructure and large projects
  • Risk of debt distress and austerity measures
Remittances
  • Household income from migrants
  • Stable income source, reduces poverty
  • Possible brain drain and dependency
Microfinance
  • Small loans for poor entrepreneurs
  • Enables small-scale enterprise growth
  • Limited impact without market access
Fair Trade
  • Ensures fair prices and community investment
  • Improves producer incomes, social projects
  • Limited coverage, mixed economic impact
ICT for development
  • Digital tools for development
  • Expands education, finance, and healthcare
  • Digital divide, privacy and security risks

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