Topic Summaries

Disability inequality

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  • Social model: (👤 Oliver, 1983) disability is caused by societal barriers, not impairments. Focuses on removing environmental and attitudinal barriers.
    • Underplays medical needs.
  • Social exclusion: (👤 Barnes, 1974) disabled people are excluded from education, work, and public life due to institutional discrimination.
    • Lacks attention to intra-group diversity.
  • Social construction: (👤 Shakespeare, 2011) disability identity is shaped by social expectations and stigma, which limit opportunities.
    • May neglect personal and health factors

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