Topic Summaries

DNA structure

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  • DNA is made from repeating nucleotide units consisting of alternating sugar and phosphate groups with the sugar attached to one of four bases.
  • DNA contains four different bases: A, C, G, and T.
  • A sequence of three bases is the code for a particular amino acid, so the order determines the assembly of proteins.
  • Two DNA strands form a double helix; the strands are complementary and bind to a specific base on the opposite strand via hydrogen bonds:
    • C always binds to a G.
    • T always binds to an A.

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