Topic Summaries
Translation (HT ONLY)
Transport Systems
Blood and heart disease
Stem cells, microscopy, and microorganisms
Transport in cells
Human health and enzymes
Plant transport systems
Pathogens and non-specific immunity
The immune system and drugs
Plant disease and monoclonal antibodies
Photosynthesis and respiration
The nervous system and homeostasis
The brain and the eye
Hormone regulation and waste excretion
Reproductive hormones and plant hormones
Cell division, reproduction, and DNA structure
DNA synthesis and inheritance
Genetic engineering and modification
Evolution and natural selection
Species and classification
Resource cycles and environmental change
Biodiversity and environmental management
Biomass and trophic levels
Food supply and biotechnology
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
Transport Systems
Blood and heart disease
Stem cells, microscopy, and microorganisms
Transport in cells
Human health and enzymes
Plant transport systems
Pathogens and non-specific immunity
The immune system and drugs
Plant disease and monoclonal antibodies
Photosynthesis and respiration
The nervous system and homeostasis
The brain and the eye
Hormone regulation and waste excretion
Reproductive hormones and plant hormones
Cell division, reproduction, and DNA structure
DNA synthesis and inheritance
Genetic engineering and modification
Evolution and natural selection
Species and classification
Resource cycles and environmental change
Biodiversity and environmental management
Biomass and trophic levels
Food supply and biotechnology
Science skills: Experimental procedures
Science skills: Presenting and using data
Science skills: Measuring results
- Translation is the second stage of protein synthesis and takes place on ribosomes.
- tRNA carrier molecules bring amino acids that are specific to the template.
- A sequence of three bases on the template is the code for an amino acid. Therefore, the order of bases controls the order in which the amino acids are assembled and determines the protein that is made.
- The amino acids brought to the template bind to each other, forming a growing protein chain in the correct order
- When the protein chain is complete, it folds up to form a unique shape.
- The shape of a protein enables it to do its job as an enzyme or hormone or allows it to form a structure in the body (e.g. collagen).
Unlock Translation (HT ONLY)
Subscribe to SnapRevise+ to get immediate access to the rest of this resource.
Premium accounts get immediate access to this resource.