Topic Summaries

Plant tissues

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  • The roots, stem and leaves form a plant organ system for transport of substances around the plant.
  • The leaf is a plant organ made up of numerous plant tissues.
Tissue Function Structure
Epidermal tissues Protects against water loss, regulates gas exchange in leaves, and regulates water and mineral uptake in roots
  • Outermost layer one cell thick and transparent so light passes through
  • Contains stomata and guard cells on bottom of leaf
Palisade mesophyll Major site of photosynthesis
  • Found towards upper surface of leaf so lots of light reaches it
  • Tightly-packed cells containing lots of chloroplast to maximise photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll Gas exchange
  • Found towards bottom of leaves close to where gas enters through stomata
  • Space between cells for gas diffusion
  • Large surface area in contact with air spaces to maximise gas exchange
Meristem tissue Stem cells are produced for plant growth
  • Found at the growing tips of shoots and roots

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